Mac Easy 2010 May/Mac Life Ubuntu.iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs/usr/share/gnome/help/about-ubuntu/uk/about-ubuntu.xml

Extensible Markup Language | 2009-04-28 | 55.0 KB | 618 lines

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % globalent SYSTEM "../../libs/global.ent">
<!-- NAMES --><!ENTITY canonical-name "Canonical Ltd.">
<!ENTITY project-name "Ubuntu Documentation Project">
<!ENTITY ubuntu "<phrase>Ubuntu</phrase>">
<!ENTITY sg-title "Server Guide">
<!-- VERSIONS --><!ENTITY distro-version "Jaunty Jackalope">
<!ENTITY distro-rev "9.04">
<!ENTITY distro-release-date "April 2009">
<!ENTITY distro-short-codename "jaunty">
<!ENTITY distro-apt-cd-name "Ubuntu 9.04_Jaunty_Jackalope">
<!ENTITY linux-kernel-version "2.6.27">
<!ENTITY gcc-version "4.3.1">
<!ENTITY glibc-version "2.8">
<!ENTITY python-version "2.5">
<!ENTITY glossary SYSTEM "../common/C/glossary.xml">
<!-- LEGAL URLs --><!ENTITY legalnotice SYSTEM "../libs/C/legalnotice.xml">
<!ENTITY gpl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">GNU General Public License</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc "http://creativecommons.org/">
<!ENTITY cc-attrib '<ulink url="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/">Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc-fulldeed-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode/">
<!ENTITY fdl-url '<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>'>
<!ENTITY cc-disclaimer-url "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/disclaimer-popup?lang=en">
<!-- CANONICAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY canonical-url "http://www.canonical.com">
<!-- OTHER UBUNTU RELATED RESOURCES --><!ENTITY upstart-url "http://upstart.ubuntu.com">
<!-- UBUNTU IRC INFORMATION --><!ENTITY irc-network "Freenode">
<!ENTITY irc-server "irc.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #ubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #kubuntu">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #xubuntu">
<!ENTITY edubuntu-irc "irc.ubuntu.com channel #edubuntu">
<!-- UBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY ubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-web "http://www.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-main "http://www.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-download "http://www.ubuntu.com/download">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-forums "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-components "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/components">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-wiki "http://wiki.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-bugzilla "https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+bugs">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-bugs "https://launchpad.net/products/ubuntu-doc/+bugs">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-support "http://www.ubuntu.com/support">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-paidsupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/paid">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-freesupport "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/free">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-comments "http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=21787">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation "http://help.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-documentation-repos "https://docteam.ubuntu.com/repos/trunk">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-team "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-doc-list "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-shipit "http://shipit.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-launchpad "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-rosetta "https://launchpad.ubuntu.com/rosetta">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-planet "http://planet.ubuntu.com">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-philosophy "http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-participate "http://www.ubuntu.com/community/participate/">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-marketplace "http://www.ubuntu.com/support/marketplace">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-hwdb "http://hwdb.ubuntu.com">
<!-- UBUNTU WIKI RESOURCES --><!ENTITY wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
<!ENTITY restricted-formats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
<!ENTITY wiki-RestrictedFormats "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RestrictedFormats">
<!ENTITY wiki-XChatHowto "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XChatHowto">
<!ENTITY wiki-RootSudo "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RootSudo">
<!ENTITY wiki-HowToGetHelp "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToGetHelp">
<!ENTITY transcode "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/DVDRippingandEncoding">
<!ENTITY wiki-Wine "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Wine">
<!ENTITY wiki-Cedega "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Cedega">
<!ENTITY wiki-Nano "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/NanoHowto">
<!ENTITY wiki-locoteams "https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LoCoTeamList">
<!ENTITY wiki-BasicCommands "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BasicCommands">
<!ENTITY wiki-filepermissions "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions">
<!-- KUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY kubuntu-web "http://www.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-main "http://www.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-download "http://releases.ubuntu.com/kubuntu/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-packages "http://packages.ubuntu.com/edgy/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-cdpackages-nodefault "http://people.ubuntu.com/~cjwatson/seeds/kubuntu-edgy/ship">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists "http://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-users "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-lists-devel "http://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel/">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-mirrors "http://distrowatch.com/kubuntu">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-forums "http://kubuntuforums.net">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki "https://wiki.kubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-documentation-site "http://www.kubuntu.org/documentation.php">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-wiki-UserDocumentation "https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UserDocumentation">
<!ENTITY kubuntu-support "http://www.kubuntu.org/support.php">
<!-- XUBUNTU URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY xubuntu-web "http://www.xubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-main "http://www.xubuntu.org">
<!ENTITY xubuntu-web-help "http://www.xubuntu.org/help">
<!-- DEBIAN RESOURCES --><!ENTITY debian-apt "http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto">
<!-- EXTERNAL URL RESOURCES --><!ENTITY linmodem "http://www.linmodems.org/">
<!ENTITY gnome "http://www.gnome.org/">
<!ENTITY linuxorg "http://www.linux.org/">
<!ENTITY ooo "http://www.openoffice.org/">
<!ENTITY kde "http://www.kde.org/">
<!ENTITY lugww "http://lugww.counter.li.org/">
<!ENTITY ubuntu-watch "http://distrowatch.com/ubuntu/">
<!ENTITY realplayer-download "http://www.real.com/linux/">
<!ENTITY nvu-download "http://www.nvu.com/download.html">
<!ENTITY sunjava-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY xorg "http://www.x.org">
<!ENTITY dyndns "http://www.dyndns.org">
<!ENTITY shoutcast "http://www.shoutcast.com/">
<!ENTITY freedomtoaster "http://www.freedomtoaster.org/">
<!ENTITY xfce "http://www.xfce.org/">
<!-- ubuntu-screenshots TODO --><!ENTITY kubuntu-screenshots "http://shots.osdir.com/">
<!ENTITY mozilla "http://www.mozilla.org/">
<!ENTITY mozilla-firefox "http://www.mozilla.org/products/firefox/">
<!ENTITY gnu "http://www.gnu.org/">
<!ENTITY gnu-philosophy "http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">
<!ENTITY win4lin "http://www.win4lin.com">
<!ENTITY codeweavers "http://www.codeweavers.com">
<!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org">
<!ENTITY google "http://www.google.com">
<!ENTITY kdelook " http://www.kde-look.org">
<!ENTITY lulu-store "http://www.lulu.com/ubuntu-doc">
<!-- this entity controls the url for addons--><!ENTITY java-download "http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/download.jsp">
<!ENTITY skype-deb "skype_1.2.0.17-1_i386.deb">
<!ENTITY skype-download "http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-gz "scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY scanmodem-url "http://linmodems.technion.ac.il/packages/scanModem.gz">
<!ENTITY ext2fs-url "http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html">
<!ENTITY mvb-tar "mvb_1.6.tgz">
<!ENTITY mvb-url "http://www.xscd.com/pub/mvb/&mvb-tar;">
<!-- TLDP --><!ENTITY ldp-pre-install-check "http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Pre-Installation-Checklist/">
<!-- LANGUAGES (sorted by two letter code)--><!ENTITY Afar "aa">
<!ENTITY Abkhazian "ab">
<!ENTITY Afrikaans "af">
<!ENTITY Amharic "af">
<!ENTITY Arabic "ar">
<!ENTITY Assamese "as">
<!ENTITY Aymara "ay">
<!ENTITY Azerbaijani "az">
<!ENTITY Bashkir "ba">
<!ENTITY Byelorussian "be">
<!ENTITY Bulgarian "bg">
<!ENTITY Bihari "bh">
<!ENTITY Bislama "bi">
<!ENTITY Bangla "bn">
<!ENTITY Bengali "bn">
<!ENTITY Tibetan "bo">
<!ENTITY Breton "br">
<!ENTITY Catalan "ca">
<!ENTITY Corsican "co">
<!ENTITY Czech "cs">
<!ENTITY Welsh "cy">
<!ENTITY Danish "da">
<!ENTITY German "de">
<!ENTITY Bhutani "dz">
<!ENTITY Greek "el">
<!-- <!ENTITY EnglishAmerican 'en'> --><!ENTITY EnglishAmerican "C">
<!ENTITY Esperanto "eo">
<!ENTITY Spanish "es">
<!ENTITY Estonian "et">
<!ENTITY Basque "eu">
<!ENTITY Persian "fa">
<!ENTITY Finnish "fi">
<!ENTITY Fiji "fj">
<!ENTITY Faeroese "fo">
<!ENTITY French "fr">
<!ENTITY Frisian "fy">
<!ENTITY Irish "ga">
<!ENTITY Gaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY ScotsGaelic "gd">
<!ENTITY Galician "gl">
<!ENTITY Guarani "gn">
<!ENTITY Gujarati "gu">
<!ENTITY Hausa "ha">
<!ENTITY Hindi "hi">
<!ENTITY Croatian "hr">
<!ENTITY Hungarian "hu">
<!ENTITY Armenian "hy">
<!ENTITY Interlingua "ia">
<!ENTITY Interlingue "ie">
<!ENTITY Inupiak "ik">
<!ENTITY Indonesian "in">
<!ENTITY Icelandic "is">
<!ENTITY Italian "it">
<!ENTITY Hebrew "iw">
<!ENTITY Japanese "ja">
<!ENTITY Yiddish "ji">
<!ENTITY Javanese "jw">
<!ENTITY Georgian "ka">
<!ENTITY Kazakh "kk">
<!ENTITY Greenlandic "kl">
<!ENTITY Cambodian "km">
<!ENTITY Kannada "kn">
<!ENTITY Korean "ko">
<!ENTITY Kashmiri "ks">
<!ENTITY Kurdish "ku">
<!ENTITY Kirghiz "ky">
<!ENTITY Latin "la">
<!ENTITY Lingala "ln">
<!ENTITY Laothian "lo">
<!ENTITY Lithuanian "lt">
<!ENTITY Latvian "lv">
<!ENTITY Lettish "lv">
<!ENTITY Malagasy "mg">
<!ENTITY Maori "mi">
<!ENTITY Macedonian "mk">
<!ENTITY Malayalam "ml">
<!ENTITY Mongolian "mn">
<!ENTITY Moldavian "mo">
<!ENTITY Marathi "mr">
<!ENTITY Malay "ms">
<!ENTITY Maltese "mt">
<!ENTITY Burmese "my">
<!ENTITY Nauru "na">
<!ENTITY Nepali "ne">
<!ENTITY Dutch "nl">
<!ENTITY Norwegian "no">
<!ENTITY Occitan "oc">
<!ENTITY Afan "om">
<!ENTITY Oromo "om">
<!ENTITY Oriya "or">
<!ENTITY Punjabi "pa">
<!ENTITY Polish "pl">
<!ENTITY Pushto "ps">
<!ENTITY Pashto "ps">
<!ENTITY Portuguese "pt">
<!ENTITY Quechua "qu">
<!ENTITY Rhaeto-Romance "rm">
<!ENTITY Kirundi "rn">
<!ENTITY Romanian "ro">
<!ENTITY Russian "ru">
<!ENTITY Kinyarwanda "rw">
<!ENTITY Sanskrit "sa">
<!ENTITY Sindhi "sd">
<!ENTITY Sangro "sg">
<!ENTITY Serbo-Croatian "sh">
<!ENTITY Singhalese "si">
<!ENTITY Slovak "sk">
<!ENTITY Slovenian "sl">
<!ENTITY Samoan "sm">
<!ENTITY Shona "sn">
<!ENTITY Somali "so">
<!ENTITY Albanian "sq">
<!ENTITY Serbian "sr">
<!ENTITY Siswati "ss">
<!ENTITY Sesotho "st">
<!ENTITY Sudanese "su">
<!ENTITY Swedish "sv">
<!ENTITY Swahili "sw">
<!ENTITY Tamil "ta">
<!ENTITY Tegulu "te">
<!ENTITY Tajik "tg">
<!ENTITY Thai "th">
<!ENTITY Tigrinya "ti">
<!ENTITY Turkmen "tk">
<!ENTITY Tagalog "tl">
<!ENTITY Setswana "tn">
<!ENTITY Tonga "to">
<!ENTITY Turkish "tr">
<!ENTITY Tsonga "ts">
<!ENTITY Tatar "tt">
<!ENTITY Twi "tw">
<!ENTITY Ukrainian "uk">
<!ENTITY Urdu "ur">
<!ENTITY Uzbek "uz">
<!ENTITY Vietnamese "vi">
<!ENTITY Volapuk "vo">
<!ENTITY Wolof "wo">
<!ENTITY Xhosa "xh">
<!ENTITY Yoruba "yo">
<!ENTITY Chinese "zh">
<!ENTITY Zulu "zu">
<!ENTITY % gnome-menus-C SYSTEM "../../libs/gnome-menus-C.ent">
<!-- MENUS --><!-- Please keep entries alphabetical, it makes them much easier to find & use --><!ENTITY about-me "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>About-me</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY accessories "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY acro-read "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Acrobat Reader</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY administration "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY aisleriot "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>AisleRiot Solitaire</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY amule "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>aMule</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY anjuta-ide "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Anjuta IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY archive-man "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Archive Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY assistive-technology-preferences "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Assistive Technology Support</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY audacity "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Audacity</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY azureus "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Azureus</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY baobab "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Disk Usage Analyzer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bittorrent "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Bittorrent</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY blender3d "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Blender 3d modeller</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bluefish "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Bluefish Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY boot "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Boot</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY brasero "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Brasero Disc Burning</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bum "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Boot-up Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY bzrgtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Olive bazaar Branch Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY calculator "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Calculator</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY character-map "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Character Map</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY compizconfig "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>CompizConfig Settings Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY computer "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Computer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY connecttoserver "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Connect to Server...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY cowbell "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Cowbell Music Organizer</guimenuitem>    </menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY chromium "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Chromium</guisubmenu></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY computer-janitor "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>System Janitor</guisubmenu></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-background "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Desktop Background</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-effects "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Appearance</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Visual Effects</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY desktop-preferences "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY devhelp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Programming</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Devhelp</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY device-manager "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Hardware Information</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY dictionary "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Accessories</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Dictionary</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY disks "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Disks</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY downloader-x "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Downloader for X</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY eclipse-ide "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Eclipse IDE</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY ekiga "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Ekiga Softphone</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY efax-gtk "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Office</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Efax-gtk</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY etherape "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Etherape</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY evolution-mail "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Evolution Mail</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY file-management "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>File Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY firefox "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Internet</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Firefox Web Browser</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY firestarter-firewall-tool "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Administration</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Firestarter</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY five-or-more "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Five or More</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY font "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Font</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY f-spot "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>F-Spot Photo Manager</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY frozen-bubble "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Games</guisubmenu><guisubmenu>Frozen Bubble</guisubmenu></menuchoice> to play <application>Frozen Bubble</application>">
<!ENTITY gambas "<menuchoice><guimenuitem>Applications</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Programming</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Gambas</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY games "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Games</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gdesklets "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Accessories</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>gDesklets</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gftp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Internet</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gFTP</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gimp "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>GIMP Image Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnome-app-install "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Add/Remove...</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnome-config-editor "<screen><command>gconf-editor</command></screen>">
<!ENTITY gnome-sound-recorder "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>Sound Recorder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gparted "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration </guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Gnome Partition Editor</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY graphics "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gthumb "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Graphics</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gThumb Image Viewer</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gtkpod "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Sound & Video</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>gtkpod</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gnucash "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>GnuCash Finance Management</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY gxine "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Sound & Video</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>gxine</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY home-folder "<menuchoice><guimenu>Places</guimenu><guimenuitem>Home Folder</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY homebank "<menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guimenuitem>Office</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>HomeBank</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY hubackup "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Backup</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
<!ENTITY hurestore "<menuchoice><guimenu>System</guimenu><guisubmenu>Administration</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Home User Restore</guimenuitem></menuchoice>">
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<article lang="uk">
    <articleinfo>
  <title>Ubuntu - Linux –î–ª—è –õ—é–¥–µ–π!</title>

    <legalnotice id="legal">
        <title>–ü–æ–¥—è–∫–∏ —Ç–∞ –õ—ñ—Ü–µ–Ω–∑—ñ–π–Ω—ñ —É–º–æ–≤–∏</title>
        <para>–¶–µ–π –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º—É—î—Ç—å—Å—è –∫–æ–º–∞–Ω–¥–æ—é –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü—ñ—ó Ubuntu (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). –î–ª—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–≥–ª—è–¥—É —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫—É —É—á–∞—Å–Ω–∏–∫—ñ–≤, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–π–¥—ñ—Ç—å –Ω–∞ <ulink url="../../libs/C/contributors.xml">—Å—Ç–æ—Ä—ñ–Ω–∫—É —É—á–∞—Å–Ω–∏–∫—ñ–≤</ulink></para>
        <para>–¶–µ–π –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Ä–æ–∑–ø–æ–≤—Å—é–¥–∂—É—î—Ç—å—Å—è –∑–∞ –ª—ñ—Ü–µ–Ω–∑—ñ—î—é Creative Commons ShareAlike 2.5 License (CC-BY-SA).</para>
        <para>–ó–≥—ñ–¥–Ω–æ –∑ —É–º–æ–≤–∞–º–∏ –ª—ñ—Ü–µ–Ω–∑—ñ—ó –≤–∏ –Ω–µ –º–∞—î—Ç–µ –æ–±–º–µ–∂–µ–Ω—å –Ω–∞ –∑–º—ñ–Ω—É, —Ä–æ–∑—à–∏—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—è —Ç–∞ –≤–¥–æ—Å–∫–æ–Ω–∞–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –∫–æ–¥—É –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü—ñ—ó Ubuntu. –ë—É–¥—å —è–∫–∏–π –ø–æ—Ö—ñ–¥–Ω–∏–π –∫–æ–¥ –ø–æ–≤–∏–Ω–µ–Ω –±—É—Ç–∏ –≤–∏–ø—É—â–µ–Ω–∏–π –ø—ñ–¥ —Ü—ñ—î—é –ª—ñ—Ü–µ–Ω–∑—ñ—î—é.</para>
        <para>Ця документація розповсюджується з надією, що вона буде корисною, але БЕЗ ЖОДНИХ ГАРАНТІЙ; навіть без потенційної гарантії ПРИДАТНОСТІ ДЛЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ або ПРИДАТНОСТІ ДЛЯ СПЕЦИФІЧНИХ ЦІЛЕЙ, ЯКІ ОПИСАНІ В РОЗ’ЯСНЕННІ.</para>
        <para>–ö–æ–ø—ñ—è –ª—ñ—Ü–µ–Ω–∑—ñ—ó –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∞ —Ç—É—Ç: <ulink url="/usr/share/ubuntu-docs/libs/C/ccbysa.xml">Creative Commons ShareAlike License</ulink>.</para>
    </legalnotice>
<copyright>
    <year>2008</year>
    <holder>Canonical Ltd. —Ç–∞ —É—á–∞—Å–Ω–∏–∫–∏ <ulink url="https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc">–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –î–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü—ñ—ó Ubuntu</ulink></holder>
</copyright>
<publisher>
    <publishername>–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç –î–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞—Ü—ñ—ó Ubuntu</publishername>
</publisher>

    </articleinfo>
       <para>–¶–µ–π —Ä–æ–∑–¥—ñ–ª - –≤—Å—Ç—É–ø –¥–æ Ubuntu. –¢—É—Ç –æ–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–æ —Ñ—ñ–ª–æ—Å–æ—Ñ—ñ—é —Ç–∞ –ø–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∂–µ–Ω–Ω—è Ubuntu, –ø–æ–¥–∞–Ω–æ —ñ–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü—ñ—é –ø—Ä–æ —Ç–µ, —è–∫ –≤–Ω–µ—Å—Ç–∏ —Å–≤—ñ–π –≤–Ω–µ—Å–æ–∫ —É —Ä–æ–∑–≤–∏—Ç–æ–∫ Ubuntu, —ñ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–æ, —è–∫ –æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∞—Ç–∏ –¥–æ–≤—ñ–¥–∫—É —â–æ–¥–æ Ubuntu.</para>
    <para>
        <inlinemediaobject>
            <imageobject>
                <imagedata fileref="../../libs/img/ubuntuheader.png" format="PNG"/>
            </imageobject>
  <textobject>
    <phrase>–õ–æ–≥–æ—Ç–∏–ø –£–±—É–Ω—Ç—É</phrase>
  </textobject>
        </inlinemediaobject>
    </para>
            <para>–î—è–∫—É—î–º–æ –í–∞–º –∑–∞ –í–∞—à—É –∑–∞—Ü—ñ–∫–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å –≤ Ubuntu 9.04 - <emphasis>Jaunty Jackalope</emphasis> - –≤–∏–ø—É—â–µ–Ω—ñ–π –≤ –ö–≤—ñ—Ç–Ω—ñ 2009.</para>
        <para>Ubuntu - —Ü—ñ–ª–∫–æ–º –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–∞ –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü—ñ–π–Ω–∞ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞, –ø–æ–±—É–¥–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞ —è–¥—Ä—ñ <emphasis>Linux</emphasis>. –°–ø—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Ç—É Ubuntu –æ–±'—î–¥–Ω—É—î —ñ–¥–µ—è, —è–∫–∞ –º—ñ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/philosophy">–§—ñ–ª–æ—Å–æ—Ñ—ñ—ó Ubuntu</ulink>: –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–µ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è –º–∞—î –±—É—Ç–∏ –±–µ–∑–∫–æ—à—Ç–æ–≤–Ω–∏–º; –∫–æ–∂–Ω–∞ –ª—é–¥–∏–Ω–∞ –ø–æ–≤–∏–Ω–Ω–∞ –º–∞—Ç–∏ –º–æ–∂–ª–∏–≤—ñ—Å—Ç—å –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É–≤–∞—Ç–∏—Å—å –Ω–∏–º —Ä—ñ–¥–Ω–æ—é –º–æ–≤–æ—é, –Ω–µ–∑–≤–∞–∂–∞—é—á–∏ –Ω–∞ –∂–æ–¥–Ω—ñ —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥–Ω–æ—â—ñ; —É –ª—é–¥–µ–π –º–∞—î –±—É—Ç–∏ —Å–≤–æ–±–æ–¥–∞ –≤ –Ω–∞–ª–∞—à—Ç—É–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ñ —Ç–∞ –∑–º—ñ–Ω—ñ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è –Ω–∞ –≤–ª–∞—Å–Ω–∏–π —Ä–æ–∑—Å—É–¥. –ó —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –º—ñ—Ä–∫—É–≤–∞–Ω—å: <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu will always be free of charge, and there is
                            no extra fee for the "enterprise
                            edition"; we make our very best work
                            available to everyone on the same Free terms.
                                </para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>–©–æ–± –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–∏—Ç–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫–ª–∞–¥ —Ç–∞ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å –¥–ª—è –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—è Ubuntu —è–∫–æ–º–æ–≥–∞ –±—ñ–ª—å—à—ñ–π –∫—ñ–ª—å–∫–æ—Å—Ç—ñ –ª—é–¥–µ–π, Ubuntu –º–∞—î –Ω–∞–π–∫—Ä–∞—â—ñ –∑–∞—Å–æ–±–∏  —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Ç–∏—Ö, —â–æ –ø—Ä–æ–ø–æ–Ω—É—é—Ç—å —Å–ø—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Ç–∏ –±–µ–∑–∫–æ—à—Ç–æ–≤–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>–†–µ–ª—ñ–∑–∏ Ubuntu –≤–∏—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç—å –ø–æ—Å—Ç—ñ–π–Ω–æ —ñ —Ä–µ–≥—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω–æ: –Ω–æ–≤–∏–π —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑ –≤–∏—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –∫–æ–∂–Ω—ñ —à—ñ—Å—Ç—å –º—ñ—Å—è—Ü—ñ–≤. –í–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É–≤–∞—Ç–∏ –ø–æ—Ç–æ—á–Ω–∏–π —Å—Ç–∞–±—ñ–ª—å–Ω–∏–π —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑, –∞–±–æ –∂ —Ç–æ–π —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑, —â–æ —î –∑–∞—Ä–∞–∑ –≤ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±—Ü—ñ. –ö–æ–∂–µ–Ω —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑ –æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º—É—î –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∫—É —â–æ–Ω–∞–π–º–µ–Ω—à–µ –Ω–∞ 18 –º—ñ—Å—è—Ü—ñ–≤.</para>
                    </listitem>
                    <listitem>
                        <para>Ubuntu –ø–æ–≤–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—é –≤—ñ–¥–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π —ñ–¥–µ—è–º —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–¥—É–∫—Ç—ñ–≤ –∑ –≤—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∏–º –∫–æ–¥–æ–º; –º–∏ –∑–∞–æ—Ö–æ—á—É—î–º–æ –ª—é–¥–µ–π –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É–≤–∞—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ –∑ –≤—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∏–º –∫–æ–¥–æ–º, –ø–æ—Å—Ç—ñ–π–Ω–æ –≤–¥–æ—Å–∫–æ–Ω–∞–ª—é—î–º–æ—Å—è —ñ —Ä—É—Ö–∞—î–º–æ—Å—è –≤–ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥.</para>
                    </listitem>
                </itemizedlist></para>
        <para>–î—ñ–∑–Ω–∞–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –±—ñ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="http://www.ubuntu.com">—Å–∞–π—Ç—ñ Ubuntu</ulink>.</para>

            <sect1 id="about-ubuntu-name" status="review">
                    <title>–ü—Ä–æ –Ω–∞–∑–≤—É</title>
                            <para>Ubuntu is a South African ethical ideology focusing on
                        people's allegiances and relations with each other. The
                        word comes from the Zulu and Xhosa languages. Ubuntu
                        is seen as a
                        traditional African concept, is regarded as one of the
                        founding principles of the new republic of South Africa
                        and is connected to the idea of an African Renaissance.
                            </para>
                            <para>–ü—Ä–∏–±–ª–∏–∑–Ω–∏–π –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫–ª–∞–¥ –ø—Ä–∏–Ω—Ü–∏–ø—É Ubuntu - "–ª—é–¥—Å—å–∫–µ —Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –¥–æ —ñ–Ω—à–∏—Ö". –Ü–Ω—à–∏–π –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫–ª–∞–¥ –º—ñ–≥ –±–∏ –±—É—Ç–∏: "–≤—ñ—Ä–∞ —É –í—Å–µ—Å–≤—ñ—Ç–Ω—ñ–π –æ–±–æ–≤'—è–∑–æ–∫ –¥—ñ–ª–∏—Ç–∏—Å—è, —â–æ –ø–æ—î–¥–Ω—É—î –≤—Å–µ –ª—é–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ".</para>
            <blockquote><attribution>–ê—Ä—Ö—ñ—î–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–ø Desmond Tutu</attribution>
                <para>–õ—é–¥–∏–Ω–∞ –∑ —É–±—É–Ω—Ç—É - –≤—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∞, –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∞, –Ω–∞–¥—ñ–π–Ω–∞ –¥–ª—è —ñ–Ω—à–∏—Ö, –≤–æ–Ω–∞ –Ω–µ –≤—ñ–¥—á—É–≤–∞—î –∑–∞–≥—Ä–æ–∑–∏ –¥–ª—è —Å–µ–±–µ –≤ —Ä–∞–∑—ñ, –∫–æ–ª–∏ —ñ–Ω—à—ñ –ª—é–¥–∏ –∑–¥—ñ–±–Ω—ñ –π —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à—ñ, –≤–æ–Ω–∞ –º–∞—î –∑–¥–æ—Ä–æ–≤—É –≤–ø–µ–≤–Ω–µ–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å —É —Å–æ–±—ñ, –∫–æ—Ç—Ä–∞ –ø–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –≤—ñ–¥ —Ç–æ–≥–æ —Ä–æ–∑—É–º—ñ–Ω–Ω—è, —â–æ –≤–æ–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞–ª–µ–∂–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ –±—ñ–ª—å—à–æ–≥–æ —Ü—ñ–ª–æ–≥–æ, —ñ –≤—ñ–¥—á—É–≤–∞—î –≤—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏, –∫–æ–ª–∏ —ñ–Ω—à–∏—Ö –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–∏–ª–∏ —ñ –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–∑–∏–ª–∏, –∫–æ–ª–∏ —ñ–Ω—à—ñ —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–∂–¥–∞—é—Ç—å, –∫–æ–ª–∏ —ó—Ö —É–ø–æ—Å–ª—ñ–¥–∂–µ–Ω–æ.</para>
            </blockquote>
                        <para>As a platform based on Free software, the Ubuntu
                        operating system brings the spirit of ubuntu to the software
                        world.
                            </para>
        </sect1>
                <sect1 id="free-software" status="review">
                    <title>–í—ñ–ª—å–Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–µ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è</title>
                            <para>–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç Ubuntu –ø–æ–≤–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—é –ø—Ä–∏—Å–≤—è—á—É—î —Å–µ–±–µ –ø—Ä–∏–Ω—Ü–∏–ø–∞–º –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ—ó —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è; –ª—é–¥–∏ –º–∞—é—Ç—å –Ω–∞–¥—ñ–π–Ω—É –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∫—É, –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É—é—á–∏—Å—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–∏–º –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è–º, –ø–æ–∫—Ä–∞—â—É—é—Ç—å —Ç–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞—é—Ç—å –π–æ–≥–æ.</para>
                    <para>"Free software" doesn't mean that you shouldn't have to pay for it (although Ubuntu is committed to being free of charge as well). It means that you should be able to use the software in any way you wish: the code that makes up free software is available for anyone to download, change, fix, and use in any way. Alongside ideological benefits, this freedom also has technical advantages: when programs are developed, the hard work of others can be used and built upon. With non-free software, this cannot happen and when programs are developed, they have to start from scratch. For this reason the development of free software is fast, efficient and exciting!
                    </para>
            <para>–í–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∑–Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ –±—ñ–ª—å—à–µ —ñ–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—ó –ø—Ä–æ –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–µ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è —ñ —ñ–¥–µ–æ–ª–æ–≥—ñ—á–Ω—É —Ç–∞ —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω—ñ—á–Ω—É —Ñ—ñ–ª–æ—Å–æ—Ñ—ñ—é –∑–∞ —Ü–∏–º –ø–æ—Å–∏–ª–∞–Ω–Ω—è–º <ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/">web-—Å–∞–π—Ç—ñ GNU</ulink>.</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-difference" status="review">
                    <title>–í—ñ–¥–º—ñ–Ω–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å</title>
                        <para>–°—å–æ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—ñ —ñ—Å–Ω—É—î –±–∞–≥–∞—Ç–æ –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü—ñ–π–Ω–∏—Ö —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º, –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—Ö –Ω–∞ Linux: Debian, SuSE, Gentoo, Red Hat, Mandriva —Ç–∞ —ñ–Ω—à—ñ. Ubuntu - —Ü–µ —â–µ –æ–¥–∏–Ω —Å—É–ø–µ—Ä–Ω–∏–∫ —É —Å–≤—ñ—Ç—ñ Linux. –¢–∞–∫ —â–æ –∂ —Ä–æ–±–∏—Ç—å Ubuntu –≤—ñ–¥–º—ñ–Ω–Ω–∏–º?</para>
                        <para>Ubuntu –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–π –Ω–∞ Debian, —è–∫–∏–π —î –æ–¥–Ω–∏–º –∑ –Ω–∞–π–≤—ñ–¥–æ–º—ñ—à–∏—Ö, —Ç–µ—Ö–≥–ª–æ–≥—ñ—á–Ω–æ –¥–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–∏—Ö —Ç–∞ –¥–æ–±—Ä–µ –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º—É—î–º–∏—Ö –¥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏–±—É—Ç–∏–≤—ñ–≤. –¶—ñ–ª—å Ubuntu - –∑—Ä–æ–±–∏—Ç–∏ —Å—É—á–∞—Å–Ω–∏–π —Ç–∞ —è–∫—ñ—Å–Ω–∏–π Linux-–¥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏–±—É—Ç–∏–≤ –¥–ª—è –¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω—ñ—Ö –∫–æ–º–ø'—Ç–µ—Ä—ñ–≤ —Ç–∞ —Å–µ—Ä–≤–µ—Ä–Ω–∏—Ö —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º. Ubuntu –º—ñ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞–±—ñ—Ä –Ω–∞–π–∫—Ä–∞—â–∏—Ö —Ç–∞ —è–∫—ñ—Å–Ω–∏—Ö –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤ Debian, —É —Ç–æ–π –∂–µ —á–∞—Å Ubuntu –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É—î –ø–æ—Ç—É–∂–Ω—É —Ç–∞ –≥–Ω—É—á–∫—É —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É –∫–µ—Ä—É–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—è –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç–∞–º–∏. –ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤ Debian –¥–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è—î –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª—é–≤–∞—Ç–∏ —Ç–∞ –µ—Ñ–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–Ω–æ –≤–∏–¥–∞–ª—è—Ç–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏. –ë—ñ–ª—å—à—ñ—Å—Ç—å –¥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏–±—É—Ç–∏–≤—ñ–≤ –º—ñ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –≤–µ–ª–∏—á–µ–∑–Ω—É –∫—ñ–ª—å–∫—ñ—Å—Ç—å —Ä—ñ–∑–Ω–æ–º–∞–Ω—ñ—Ç–Ω–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º, —è–∫—ñ —É –±–∞–≥–∞—Ç—å–æ—Ö –≤–∏–ø–∞–¥–∞–∫–∞—Ö –Ω–µ –ø–æ—Ç—Ä—ñ–±–Ω—ñ –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É–≤–∞—á–µ–≤—ñ. –°–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤ Ubuntu –º—ñ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –¥—ñ–π—Å–Ω–æ –≤–∞–∂–ª–∏–≤–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–µ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è –≤–∏—Å–æ–∫–æ—ó —è–∫–æ—Å—Ç—ñ.</para>
                        <para>By focusing on quality, Ubuntu produces a robust and
                        feature-rich computing environment that is suitable for
                        use in both home and commercial environments. The
                        project takes the time required to focus on finer
                        details and is able to release a version featuring the
                        latest and greatest of today's software once every 6
                        months. Ubuntu is available in 32-bit and 64-bit flavors,
                        and will run on most modern computers. It is also available
                        for the Sun UltraSPARC and Amazon EC2 architectures.
                            </para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-desktop" status="review">
                    <title>–†–æ–±–æ—á–∏–π —Å—Ç—ñ–ª</title>
                        <para>–†–æ–±–æ—á–∏–π —Å—Ç—ñ–ª - —Ü–µ —Ç–µ, —â–æ –≤–∏ –±–∞—á–∏—Ç–µ –ø—ñ—Å–ª—è –≤—Ö–æ–¥—É —É –≤–∞—à –∫–æ–º–ø'—é—Ç–µ—Ä —ñ –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É—î—Ç–µ, –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—é—á–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–∏ —Ç–∞ –∫–µ—Ä—É—é—á–∏ –Ω–∏–º–∏. –°—Ç–∞–Ω–¥–∞—Ä—Ç–Ω–µ —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥–æ–≤–∏—â–µ —Å—Ç—ñ–ª—å–Ω–∏—Ü—ñ –¥–ª—è Ubuntu - <ulink url="http://www.gnome.org/">GNOME</ulink>, –ª—ñ–¥–µ—Ä —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥ —Ä–æ–±–æ—á–∏—Ö —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥–æ–≤–∏—â —Ç–∞ –ø–ª–∞—Ç—Ñ–æ—Ä–º, —è–∫–∏–π —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–ª—è—î—Ç—å—Å—è –¥–ª—è UNIX —ñ Linux.</para>
                        <para>–í–∏ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–∂ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ —Ä–æ–±–æ—á—ñ —Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥–æ–≤–∏—â–∞ <ulink url="http://www.kde.org/">KDE</ulink> —Ç–∞ <ulink url="http://www.xfce.org/">Xfce</ulink>, —è–∫—ñ –º–∞—é—Ç—å —Å–≤—ñ–π –∑–æ–≤–Ω—ñ—à–Ω—ñ–π –≤–∏–≥–ª—è–¥. KDE —Ç–∞ Xfce –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ñ –≤ Ubuntu —É –≤–∏–≥–ª—è–¥—ñ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç—ñ–≤ <ulink url="http://www.kubuntu.org">Kubuntu</ulink> —Ç–∞ <ulink url="http://www.xubuntu.org">Xubuntu</ulink>. –Ø–∫—â–æ –≤–∏ –º–∞—î—Ç–µ –±–∞–∂–∞–Ω–Ω—è, –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞ —Å–≤—ñ–π –∫–æ–º–ø'—é—Ç–µ—Ä –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó Ubuntu —Ç—ñ–ª—å–∫–∏ –∑ KDE –∞–±–æ Xfce.</para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="version-numbers" status="review">
                    <title>–ù—É–º–µ—Ä–∞—Ü—ñ—è –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—ñ–≤</title>
                        <para>–ù—É–º–µ—Ä–∞—Ü—ñ—è –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—ñ–≤ Ubuntu –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –Ω–∞ –¥–∞—Ç–∞—Ö —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑—ñ–≤ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ–π –¥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏–±—É—Ç–∏–≤—É –∑–∞–º—ñ—Å—Ç—å —Ñ–∞–∫—Ç–∏—á–Ω–∏—Ö –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è. –ù–æ–º–µ—Ä –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥–∞—î—Ç—å—Å—è –∑ —Ä–æ–∫—É —Ç–∞ –º—ñ—Å—è—Ü—è —Ä–µ–ª—ñ–∑—É .</para>
                        <para>Our first release (Warty Warthog) was in
                        October 2004 so its version was 4.10. This version (Jaunty Jackalope) was
                        released in April 2009, so its version number is 9.04.
                            </para>
                </sect1>
                <sect1 id="ubuntu-backing-support" status="review">
                    <title>–ó–≤'—è–∑–æ–∫ –∑ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–Ω–∏–∫–∞–º–∏ —Ç–∞ –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∫–∞</title>
                        <para>Ubuntu –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º—É—î —Ç–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–≤–æ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–Ω–∏–∫—ñ–≤, —è–∫–µ —Ä–æ—Å—Ç–µ –∫–æ–∂–µ–Ω –¥–µ–Ω—å. –°–ø–æ–Ω—Å–æ—Ä–æ–º –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç—É —î —Ö–æ–ª–¥–∏–Ω–≥–æ–≤–∞ –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–Ω—ñ—è <ulink url="http://www.canonical.com">Canonical Ltd.</ulink>, —è–∫–∞ –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∞ –ú–∞—Ä–∫–æ–º –®–∞—Ç—Ç–ª–≤–æ—Ä—Ç–æ–º (Mark Shuttleworth). Canonical –Ω–∞–π–º–∞—î —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–Ω–∏–∫—ñ–≤ Ubuntu —Ç–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–ø–æ–Ω—É—î –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∫—É —Ç–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ü—ñ–π–Ω—ñ –ø–æ—Å–ª—É–≥–∏ –¥–ª—è Ubuntu.</para>
            <para>Canonical Ltd —Ç–∞–∫–æ–∂ –ø—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º—É—î –±–∞–≥–∞—Ç–æ —ñ–Ω—à–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç—ñ–≤ –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–ó, –¥–µ—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω—ñ—à–µ –ø—Ä–æ —Ü–µ –≤–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ <ulink url="http: // www.canonical.com">web-—Å–∞–π—Ç—ñ Canonical</ulink>.</para>
                </sect1>

<sect1 id="upgrade" status="review">
<title>–Ø–∫ –º–µ–Ω—ñ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏—Å—è –¥–æ –Ω–∞–π–Ω–æ–≤—ñ—à–æ—ó –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó Ubuntu?</title>
<para>–ù–æ–≤–∞ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—è Ubuntu –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—î—Ç—å—Å—è –∫–æ–∂–Ω—ñ 6 –º—ñ—Å—è—Ü—ñ–≤; –ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—å –ø–æ–≤–∏–Ω–µ–Ω –ø—Ä–æ—ñ–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º—É–≤–∞—Ç–∏ –í–∞—Å –ø—Ä–æ –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å –Ω–æ–≤–æ—ó –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó –¥–ª—è –∑–∞–≤–∞–Ω—Ç–∞–∂–µ–Ω–Ω—è. –©–æ–± –ø–µ—Ä–µ–≤—ñ—Ä–∏—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞ –Ω–∞—è–≤–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—å –Ω–æ–≤–æ—ó –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó:</para>

<procedure>
    <step>
    <para>–í—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏–π—Ç–µ –î–∂–µ—Ä–µ–ª–∞ –ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º (<menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º—ñ–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—Ä—É–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—è</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–î–∂–µ—Ä–µ–ª–∞ –ü—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º</guimenuitem></menuchoice>) —Ç–∞ –≤–∏–±–µ—Ä—ñ—Ç—å –≤–∫–ª–∞–¥–∫—É <guilabel>–û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è</guilabel>.</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>–í <guilabel>–û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ñ –í–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó</guilabel>, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∫–æ–Ω–∞–π—Ç–µ—Å—å, —â–æ <guilabel>–ó–≤–∏—á–∞–π–Ω—ñ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫–∏</guilabel> –≤–∏–±—Ä–∞–Ω–æ —ñ –Ω–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω—ñ—Ç—å <guibutton>–ó–∞–∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∏</guibutton>.</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>–í—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏–π—Ç–µ –ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è (<menuchoice><guimenu>–°–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∞</guimenu><guimenuitem>–ê–¥–º—ñ–Ω—ñ—Å—Ç—Ä—É–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—è</guimenuitem><guimenuitem>–ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä –û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è</guimenuitem></menuchoice>), –Ω–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω—ñ—Ç—å <guibutton>–ü–µ—Ä–µ–≤—ñ—Ä–∏—Ç–∏</guibutton> —Ç–∞ –≤–≤–µ–¥—ñ—Ç—å –í–∞—à –ø–∞—Ä–æ–ª—å —É –≤—ñ–∫–Ω—ñ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Ç—É. –ó–∞—á–µ–∫–∞–π—Ç–µ –Ω–∞ –∑–∞–≤–∞–Ω—Ç–∞–∂–µ–Ω–Ω—è —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫—É –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∏—Ö –æ–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—å.</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>–Ø–∫—â–æ –Ω–æ–≤–∞ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—è Ubuntu –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∞, –∑'—è–≤–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –ø–æ–≤—ñ–¥–æ–º–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –≤–≥–æ—Ä—ñ –≤—ñ–∫–Ω–∞ –∑ —ñ–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü—ñ—î—é, —â–æ –Ω–æ–≤–∏–π –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫ –¥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä–∏–±—É—Ç–∏–≤—É –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–∏–π.</para>
    </step>
    <step>
    <para>–î–ª—è –æ–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –¥–æ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–Ω—å–æ–≥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É, –∑–±–µ—Ä–µ–∂—ñ—Ç—å –≤—Å—ñ –í–∞—à—ñ –≤—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏—Ç—ñ –¥–æ–∫—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∏ —Ç–∞ –Ω–∞—Ç–∏—Å–Ω—ñ—Ç—å –∫–Ω–æ–ø–∫—É <guibutton>–û–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏</guibutton> –≤ –ú–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä—ñ –û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω—å.</para>
    </step>
</procedure>

<para>–û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –∑–∞–∑–≤–∏—á–∞–π –∑–∞–π–º–∞—é—Ç—å –ø–µ–≤–Ω–∏–π —á–∞—Å –¥–ª—è –∑–∞–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–Ω—è. –¢–∏–ø–æ–≤–æ –±–ª–∏–∑—å–∫–æ 700–ú–± –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö—ñ–¥–Ω–æ –∑–∞–≤–∞–Ω—Ç–∞–∂–∏—Ç–∏ —Ç–∞ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏, –∞–ª–µ —Ñ–∞–∫—Ç–∏—á–Ω–∏–π —Ä–æ–∑–º—ñ—Ä –±—É–¥–µ –∑–∞–ª–µ–∂–∞—Ç–∏ –≤—ñ–¥ –∫—ñ–ª—å–∫–æ—Å—Ç—ñ –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤, —â–æ –≤–∂–µ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–æ –≤ –í–∞—à—ñ–π —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—ñ.</para>

<para>–í–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Ç—ñ–ª—å–∫–∏ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ –¥–æ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–Ω—å–æ–≥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É Ubuntu, —è–∫—â–æ –í–∏ –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É—î—Ç–µ –ø–æ–ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–Ω—é –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—é —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º–∏. –Ø–∫—â–æ —É –í–∞—Å —Å—Ç–∞—Ä—ñ—à–∏–π –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫, –í–∏ –ø–æ–≤–∏–Ω–Ω—ñ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É –¥–æ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—É–ø–Ω–æ–≥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É –ø–æ–∫–∏ –Ω–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç–µ –≤–∏–∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–æ–≤—É–≤–∞—Ç–∏ –ø–æ–ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–Ω—é –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—é –¥–æ —è–∫–æ—ó –±–∞–∂–∞—î—Ç–µ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–∫–ª–∞–¥, –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É–≤–∞—á—ñ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó 7.10 —Å–ø–æ—á–∞—Ç–∫—É –ø–æ–≤–∏–Ω–Ω—ñ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É –¥–æ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó 8.04 –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è–º –¥–æ 8.10. –í–∏–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è–º –∑ —Ü—å–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª–∞ —î –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫–∏ LTS (Long Term Support - –î–æ–≤–≥–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–≤–∞–ª–∞ –ü—ñ–¥—Ç—Ä–∏–º–∫–∞). –í–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –æ–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç–∏ —Å–∏—Å—Ç–µ–º—É –±–µ–∑–ø–æ—Å–µ—Ä–µ–¥–Ω—å–æ –∑ –ø–æ–ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–Ω—å–æ–≥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É LTS –¥–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ–≥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É.</para>

<sect2 id="upgrade-development" status="review">
    <title>–û–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è –¥–æ –≤–∏–ø—É—Å–∫—É —â–æ –≤ –ø—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—ñ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏</title>
    <para>
    If you would like to install and test the latest development version of
    Ubuntu before it is released, press <keycombo><keycap>Alt</keycap>
    <keycap>F2</keycap></keycombo>, type
    <userinput>update-manager -c -d</userinput> into the box and click
    <guibutton>Run</guibutton>. If a development release is available, an
    <guibutton>Update</guibutton> button will appear in the Update Manager. Click
    it to upgrade to the development version.
    </para>

    <caution>
    <para>–í–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó –≤ –ø—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—ñ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏ –∑–∞–∑–≤–∏—á–∞–π —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–∂–¥–∞—é—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –∑–±–æ—ó –ø–∞–∫–µ—Ç—ñ–≤ —Ç–∞ —ñ–Ω—à—ñ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º–∏. –í—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª—é–π—Ç–µ –≤–µ—Ä—Å—ñ—ó –≤ –ø—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—ñ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–∫–∏ —Ç—ñ–ª—å–∫–∏ —è–∫—â–æ –í–∏ –≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤—ñ –¥–æ –≤–∏–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—è —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º.</para>
    </caution>
</sect2>
</sect1>

            <sect1 id="about-linux" status="review">
            <title>–©–æ —Ç–∞–∫–µ Linux?</title>
            <para>The <ulink url="http://www.kernel.org">Linux kernel</ulink> is the heart of the Ubuntu operating system.
          A kernel is an important part of
                any operating system, providing the communication bridge between
                hardware and software.
                </para>
            <para>Linux was brought to life in 1991 by a Finnish student named
                Linus Torvalds. At the time, it would run only on i386 systems,
                and was essentially an independently-created clone of the UNIX
                kernel, intended to take advantage of the then-new i386
                architecture.
                </para>
            <para>Nowadays, thanks to a substantial amount of development
                effort by people all around the world, Linux runs on virtually
          every modern computer architecture.
                  </para>
            <para>–Ø–¥—Ä–æ Linux –æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞–ª–æ —ñ–¥–µ–æ–ª–æ–≥—ñ—á–Ω—É, –∞ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–∂ —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω—ñ—á–Ω—É –≤–∞–∂–ª–∏–≤—ñ—Å—Ç—å. –Ü—Å–Ω—É—î —Ç–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ª—é–¥–µ–π, —è–∫—ñ –≤—ñ—Ä—è—Ç—å –≤ —ñ–¥–µ–∞–ª–∏ –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è —ñ —è–∫—ñ –≤—ñ–¥–¥–∞—é—Ç—å —Å–≤—ñ–π —á–∞—Å, –¥–æ–ø–æ–º–∞–≥–∞—é—á–∏ –∑—Ä–æ–±–∏—Ç–∏ –≤—ñ–¥–∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∏–π –∫–æ–¥ –Ω–∞—Å—Ç—ñ–ª—å–∫–∏ –¥–æ–±—Ä–µ, –Ω–∞—Å–∫—ñ–ª—å–∫–∏ –≤—ñ–Ω –º–æ–∂–µ –±—É—Ç–∏.</para>
            <para>People in this community gave rise to initiatives such as
                Ubuntu, standards committees that shape the development of the
                Internet, organizations like the Mozilla Foundation, responsible
                for creating Mozilla Firefox, and countless other software
                projects from which you've almost certainly benefited in the past.
                </para>
            <para>–î—É—Ö –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–∞–±–µ–∑–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—è, —è–∫ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª–æ –ø–æ–≤'—è–∑–∞–Ω–∏–π –∑ Linux, —Å–ø–æ–Ω—É–∫–∞—î —Å–ø—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Ç–∏ —Ä–æ–∑—Ä–æ–±–Ω–∏–∫—ñ–≤ —ñ –∫–æ—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—É–≤–∞—á—ñ–≤ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º –¥–æ—Å—è–≥–∞—Ç–∏ —Å–ø—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ—ó –º–µ—Ç–∏.</para>
        </sect1>
        <sect1 id="about-gnu" status="review">
            <title>–©–æ —Ç–∞–∫–µ GNU?</title>
            <para>The <emphasis>GNU Project</emphasis> was
          launched in January 1984 by Richard Stallman, to develop a complete
                UNIX-style operating system which is comprised of free software: the GNU
                system. Variants of the GNU operating system,
                which use the Linux kernel, are now widely used.
                </para>
            <para>–ü—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç GNU —Ç—ñ—Å–Ω–æ –ø–æ–≤`—è–∑–∞–Ω–∏–π –∑ —Ñ—ñ–ª–æ—Å–æ—Ñ—ñ—î—é –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–ó, —è–∫–∞ —î —Ü–µ–Ω—Ç—Ä–∞–ª—å–Ω–∏–º –ø–æ–Ω—è—Ç—Ç—è–º —É –ø–æ—Ö—ñ–¥–Ω–∏—Ö –≤—ñ–¥ –Ω—å–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ–µ–∫—Ç–∞—Ö, —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö —è–∫ –£–±—É–Ω—Ç—É. –°—É—Ç—å –≤—ñ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ü–ó –ø–æ—è—Å–Ω—é—î—Ç—å—Å—è —Ç—É—Ç: <xref linkend="free-software"/>.</para>
            </sect1>

</article>